Changes in Cholinesterase Activity, Nerve Conduction Velocity, and Clinical Signs and Symptoms in Termite Control Operators Exposed to Chlorpyrifos

Changes in Cholinesterase Activity, Nerve Conduction Velocity, and Clinical Signs and Symptoms in Termite Control Operators Exposed to Chlorpyrifos: Masahiro GOTOH, et al. Asahi Rosai Hospital—We have surveyed periodical medical examinations for pest and termite control operators (n=64) exposed to ch lo rpy r i fos and o ther organophosphate pesticides. Distribution of serum butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities of all workers ranged 0.01–1.18 (∆pH). Serum BuChE activities in 6 workers in one termite control company were severely depressed and ranged from 0.01 to 0.21 ∆pH. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in 3 workers were lower than the normal range. Erythrocyte AChE activities and serum BuChE acitivities in chlorpyrifos sprayers were significantly correlated (r=0.720). In other clinical signs, blood urine nitrogen (BUN) in 4 workers and white blood cell (WBC) counts in 4 workers were abnormal. Sensory nerve conduction velocities in the sural nerve of all 6 workers were significantly reduced to 18.8–26.6 m/s in the left leg and 19.2–27.2 m/s in the right leg. In the results of ophthalmic examinations, accommodation time (both eyes) in 4 workers extended over the normal range and electroretinography (ERG) in 2 workers showed abnormal ERG including disappearance of oscillatory potential. Chlorpyrifos residue in blood in 4 operators whose serum BuChE activities ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 ∆pH were detected in the range 2–8 ng/ml. They had sprayed chlorpyrifos daily for 5 d before every blood sampling. It is suggested that serum BuChE activity and sensory nerve conduction velocity are sensitive Field Study Received Dec 4, 2000; Accepted Feb 28, 2001 Correspondence to: M. Gotoh, Asahi Rosai Hospita1, 61 Kita, Hirakocho, Owariasahi-shi, 488-8585 Japan indicators to evaluate the effects of chlorpyrifos exposure, and may be used effectively to monitor exposure and the effects of chlorpyrifos on health. (J Occup Health 2001; 43: 157–164)